Fix multiple images being generated for the same image (#6710)

* fix(images): Fix multiple calls to same image generating multiple images

* chore: changeset

6 files changed, 28 insertions, 15 deletions

diff --git a/.changeset/new-coats-check.md b/.changeset/new-coats-check.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e749f551b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/new-coats-check.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'astro': patch
+---
+
+Fix multiple Image / getImage calls with the same image causing multiple duplicate images to be generated
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/assets/internal.ts b/packages/astro/src/assets/internal.ts
index e89b9d5da..5c5d82e77 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/assets/internal.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/assets/internal.ts
@@ -79,7 +79,9 @@ export async function getImage(options: ImageTransform): Promise<GetImageResult>
 	};
 }
 
-export function getStaticImageList(): Iterable<[ImageTransform, string]> {
+export function getStaticImageList(): Iterable<
+	[string, { path: string; options: ImageTransform }]
+> {
 	if (!globalThis?.astroAsset?.staticImages) {
 		return [];
 	}
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/assets/types.ts b/packages/astro/src/assets/types.ts
index 93f742e20..846e4e4cd 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/assets/types.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/assets/types.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ declare global {
 	var astroAsset: {
 		imageService?: ImageService;
 		addStaticImage?: ((options: ImageTransform) => string) | undefined;
-		staticImages?: Map<ImageTransform, string>;
+		staticImages?: Map<string, { path: string; options: ImageTransform }>;
 	};
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/assets/utils/transformToPath.ts b/packages/astro/src/assets/utils/transformToPath.ts
index 1574af314..c2537b414 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/assets/utils/transformToPath.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/assets/utils/transformToPath.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { shorthash } from '../../runtime/server/shorthash.js';
 import { isESMImportedImage } from '../internal.js';
 import type { ImageTransform } from '../types.js';
 
-export function propsToFilename(transform: ImageTransform, imageService: string) {
+export function propsToFilename(transform: ImageTransform, hash: string) {
 	if (!isESMImportedImage(transform.src)) {
 		return transform.src;
 	}
@@ -12,9 +12,13 @@ export function propsToFilename(transform: ImageTransform, imageService: string)
 	let filename = removeQueryString(transform.src.src);
 	const ext = extname(filename);
 	filename = basename(filename, ext);
+	const outputExt = transform.format ? `.${transform.format}` : ext;
+	return `/${filename}_${hash}${outputExt}`;
+}
+
+export function hashTransform(transform: ImageTransform, imageService: string) {
 	// take everything from transform except alt, which is not used in the hash
 	const { alt, ...rest } = transform;
 	const hashFields = { ...rest, imageService };
-	const outputExt = transform.format ? `.${transform.format}` : ext;
-	return `/${filename}_${shorthash(JSON.stringify(hashFields))}${outputExt}`;
+	return shorthash(JSON.stringify(hashFields));
 }
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/assets/vite-plugin-assets.ts b/packages/astro/src/assets/vite-plugin-assets.ts
index 3d96d08f1..52efe2487 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/assets/vite-plugin-assets.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/assets/vite-plugin-assets.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import { copyWasmFiles } from './services/vendor/squoosh/copy-wasm.js';
 import { emitESMImage } from './utils/emitAsset.js';
 import { imageMetadata } from './utils/metadata.js';
 import { getOrigQueryParams } from './utils/queryParams.js';
-import { propsToFilename } from './utils/transformToPath.js';
+import { hashTransform, propsToFilename } from './utils/transformToPath.js';
 
 const resolvedVirtualModuleId = '\0' + VIRTUAL_MODULE_ID;
 
@@ -153,12 +153,17 @@ export default function assets({
 
 				globalThis.astroAsset.addStaticImage = (options) => {
 					if (!globalThis.astroAsset.staticImages) {
-						globalThis.astroAsset.staticImages = new Map<ImageTransform, string>();
+						globalThis.astroAsset.staticImages = new Map<
+							string,
+							{ path: string; options: ImageTransform }
+						>();
 					}
 
+					const hash = hashTransform(options, settings.config.image.service);
+
 					let filePath: string;
-					if (globalThis.astroAsset.staticImages.has(options)) {
-						filePath = globalThis.astroAsset.staticImages.get(options)!;
+					if (globalThis.astroAsset.staticImages.has(hash)) {
+						filePath = globalThis.astroAsset.staticImages.get(hash)!.path;
 					} else {
 						// If the image is not imported, we can return the path as-is, since static references
 						// should only point ot valid paths for builds or remote images
@@ -167,12 +172,9 @@ export default function assets({
 						}
 
 						filePath = prependForwardSlash(
-							joinPaths(
-								settings.config.build.assets,
-								propsToFilename(options, settings.config.image.service)
-							)
+							joinPaths(settings.config.build.assets, propsToFilename(options, hash))
 						);
-						globalThis.astroAsset.staticImages.set(options, filePath);
+						globalThis.astroAsset.staticImages.set(hash, { path: filePath, options: options });
 					}
 
 					return prependForwardSlash(joinPaths(settings.config.base, filePath));
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/core/build/generate.ts b/packages/astro/src/core/build/generate.ts
index 52e4204a9..e3b4ff2ed 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/core/build/generate.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/core/build/generate.ts
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ export async function generatePages(opts: StaticBuildOptions, internals: BuildIn
 	if (opts.settings.config.experimental.assets) {
 		info(opts.logging, null, `\n${bgGreen(black(` generating optimized images `))}`);
 		for (const imageData of getStaticImageList()) {
-			await generateImage(opts, imageData[0], imageData[1]);
+			await generateImage(opts, imageData[1].options, imageData[1].path);
 		}
 		delete globalThis.astroAsset.addStaticImage;
 	}