[Content collections] Improve content config handling (#5824)

* fix: always generate types on init

* fix: skip type generation when no content dir found

* fix: avoid stripping `.ts` for existsSync check

* chore: changeset

* fix: run type gen when content/ dir added in dev

5 files changed, 78 insertions, 58 deletions

diff --git a/.changeset/fluffy-onions-wink.md b/.changeset/fluffy-onions-wink.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..617ebd632
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/fluffy-onions-wink.md
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+'astro': patch
+---
+
+Better handle content type generation failures:
+- Generate types when content directory is empty
+- Log helpful error when running `astro sync` without a content directory
+- Avoid swallowing `config.ts` syntax errors from Vite
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/cli/sync/index.ts b/packages/astro/src/cli/sync/index.ts
index c91bd9bac..92cd05651 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/cli/sync/index.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/cli/sync/index.ts
@@ -21,7 +21,15 @@ export async function sync(
 			fs,
 			settings,
 		});
-		await contentTypesGenerator.init();
+		const typesResult = await contentTypesGenerator.init();
+		if (typesResult.typesGenerated === false) {
+			switch (typesResult.reason) {
+				case 'no-content-dir':
+				default:
+					info(logging, 'content', 'No content directory found. Skipping type generation.');
+					return 0;
+			}
+		}
 	} catch (e) {
 		throw new AstroError(AstroErrorData.GenerateContentTypesError);
 	}
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/content/types-generator.ts b/packages/astro/src/content/types-generator.ts
index 9df6bdb44..813f21c22 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/content/types-generator.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/content/types-generator.ts
@@ -22,11 +22,6 @@ type ChokidarEvent = 'add' | 'addDir' | 'change' | 'unlink' | 'unlinkDir';
 type RawContentEvent = { name: ChokidarEvent; entry: string };
 type ContentEvent = { name: ChokidarEvent; entry: URL };
 
-export type GenerateContentTypes = {
-	init(): Promise<void>;
-	queueEvent(event: RawContentEvent): void;
-};
-
 type ContentTypesEntryMetadata = { slug: string };
 type ContentTypes = Record<string, Record<string, ContentTypesEntryMetadata>>;
 
@@ -46,7 +41,7 @@ export async function createContentTypesGenerator({
 	fs,
 	logging,
 	settings,
-}: CreateContentGeneratorParams): Promise<GenerateContentTypes> {
+}: CreateContentGeneratorParams) {
 	const contentTypes: ContentTypes = {};
 	const contentPaths = getContentPaths(settings.config);
 
@@ -55,9 +50,15 @@ export async function createContentTypesGenerator({
 
 	const contentTypesBase = await fs.promises.readFile(contentPaths.typesTemplate, 'utf-8');
 
-	async function init() {
-		await handleEvent({ name: 'add', entry: contentPaths.config }, { logLevel: 'warn' });
-		const globResult = await glob('./**/*.*', {
+	async function init(): Promise<
+		{ typesGenerated: true } | { typesGenerated: false; reason: 'no-content-dir' }
+	> {
+		if (!fs.existsSync(contentPaths.contentDir)) {
+			return { typesGenerated: false, reason: 'no-content-dir' };
+		}
+
+		events.push(handleEvent({ name: 'add', entry: contentPaths.config }, { logLevel: 'warn' }));
+		const globResult = await glob('**', {
 			cwd: fileURLToPath(contentPaths.contentDir),
 			fs: {
 				readdir: fs.readdir.bind(fs),
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ export async function createContentTypesGenerator({
 			events.push(handleEvent({ name: 'add', entry }, { logLevel: 'warn' }));
 		}
 		await runEvents();
+		return { typesGenerated: true };
 	}
 
 	async function handleEvent(
@@ -109,10 +111,10 @@ export async function createContentTypesGenerator({
 		if (fileType === 'config') {
 			contentConfigObserver.set({ status: 'loading' });
 			const config = await loadContentConfig({ fs, settings });
-			if (config instanceof Error) {
-				contentConfigObserver.set({ status: 'error', error: config });
-			} else {
+			if (config) {
 				contentConfigObserver.set({ status: 'loaded', config });
+			} else {
+				contentConfigObserver.set({ status: 'error' });
 			}
 
 			return { shouldGenerateTypes: true };
@@ -258,13 +260,13 @@ export function getEntryType(
 	entryPath: string,
 	paths: ContentPaths
 ): 'content' | 'config' | 'unknown' | 'generated-types' {
-	const { dir: rawDir, ext, name, base } = path.parse(entryPath);
+	const { dir: rawDir, ext, base } = path.parse(entryPath);
 	const dir = appendForwardSlash(pathToFileURL(rawDir).href);
 	if ((contentFileExts as readonly string[]).includes(ext)) {
 		return 'content';
-	} else if (new URL(name, dir).pathname === paths.config.pathname) {
+	} else if (new URL(base, dir).href === paths.config.href) {
 		return 'config';
-	} else if (new URL(base, dir).pathname === new URL(CONTENT_TYPES_FILE, paths.cacheDir).pathname) {
+	} else if (new URL(base, dir).href === new URL(CONTENT_TYPES_FILE, paths.cacheDir).href) {
 		return 'generated-types';
 	} else {
 		return 'unknown';
@@ -313,6 +315,11 @@ async function writeContentFiles({
 	if (!isRelativePath(configPathRelativeToCacheDir))
 		configPathRelativeToCacheDir = './' + configPathRelativeToCacheDir;
 
+	// Remove `.ts` from import path
+	if (configPathRelativeToCacheDir.endsWith('.ts')) {
+		configPathRelativeToCacheDir = configPathRelativeToCacheDir.replace(/\.ts$/, '');
+	}
+
 	contentTypesBase = contentTypesBase.replace('// @@ENTRY_MAP@@', contentTypesStr);
 	contentTypesBase = contentTypesBase.replace(
 		"'@@CONTENT_CONFIG_TYPE@@'",
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/content/utils.ts b/packages/astro/src/content/utils.ts
index a2599a9a6..a14be460a 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/content/utils.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/content/utils.ts
@@ -201,16 +201,13 @@ export function parseFrontmatter(fileContents: string, filePath: string) {
 	}
 }
 
-export class NotFoundError extends TypeError {}
-export class ZodParseError extends TypeError {}
-
 export async function loadContentConfig({
 	fs,
 	settings,
 }: {
 	fs: typeof fsMod;
 	settings: AstroSettings;
-}): Promise<ContentConfig | Error> {
+}): Promise<ContentConfig | undefined> {
 	const contentPaths = getContentPaths(settings.config);
 	const tempConfigServer: ViteDevServer = await createServer({
 		root: fileURLToPath(settings.config.root),
@@ -222,10 +219,13 @@ export async function loadContentConfig({
 		plugins: [astroContentVirtualModPlugin({ settings })],
 	});
 	let unparsedConfig;
+	if (!fs.existsSync(contentPaths.config)) {
+		return undefined;
+	}
 	try {
 		unparsedConfig = await tempConfigServer.ssrLoadModule(contentPaths.config.pathname);
-	} catch {
-		return new NotFoundError('Failed to resolve content config.');
+	} catch (e) {
+		throw e;
 	} finally {
 		await tempConfigServer.close();
 	}
@@ -233,14 +233,14 @@ export async function loadContentConfig({
 	if (config.success) {
 		return config.data;
 	} else {
-		return new ZodParseError('Content config file is invalid.');
+		return undefined;
 	}
 }
 
 type ContentCtx =
 	| { status: 'loading' }
-	| { status: 'loaded'; config: ContentConfig }
-	| { status: 'error'; error: NotFoundError | ZodParseError };
+	| { status: 'error' }
+	| { status: 'loaded'; config: ContentConfig };
 
 type Observable<C> = {
 	get: () => C;
@@ -292,6 +292,6 @@ export function getContentPaths({
 		contentDir: new URL('./content/', srcDir),
 		typesTemplate: new URL('types.d.ts', templateDir),
 		virtualModTemplate: new URL('virtual-mod.mjs', templateDir),
-		config: new URL('./content/config', srcDir),
+		config: new URL('./content/config.ts', srcDir),
 	};
 }
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/content/vite-plugin-content-server.ts b/packages/astro/src/content/vite-plugin-content-server.ts
index 347ebbe18..dda1a416f 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/content/vite-plugin-content-server.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/content/vite-plugin-content-server.ts
@@ -5,13 +5,10 @@ import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url';
 import type { Plugin } from 'vite';
 import type { AstroSettings } from '../@types/astro.js';
 import { info, LogOptions } from '../core/logger/core.js';
+import { appendForwardSlash } from '../core/path.js';
 import { escapeViteEnvReferences, getFileInfo } from '../vite-plugin-utils/index.js';
 import { contentFileExts, CONTENT_FLAG } from './consts.js';
-import {
-	createContentTypesGenerator,
-	GenerateContentTypes,
-	getEntryType,
-} from './types-generator.js';
+import { createContentTypesGenerator, getEntryType } from './types-generator.js';
 import {
 	ContentConfig,
 	contentObservable,
@@ -36,37 +33,33 @@ export function astroContentServerPlugin({
 	mode,
 }: AstroContentServerPluginParams): Plugin[] {
 	const contentPaths = getContentPaths(settings.config);
-	let contentDirExists = false;
-	let contentGenerator: GenerateContentTypes;
 	const contentConfigObserver = contentObservable({ status: 'loading' });
 
+	async function initContentGenerator() {
+		const contentGenerator = await createContentTypesGenerator({
+			fs,
+			settings,
+			logging,
+			contentConfigObserver,
+		});
+		await contentGenerator.init();
+		return contentGenerator;
+	}
+
 	return [
 		{
 			name: 'astro-content-server-plugin',
 			async config(viteConfig) {
-				try {
-					await fs.promises.stat(contentPaths.contentDir);
-					contentDirExists = true;
-				} catch {
-					/* silently move on */
-					return;
-				}
-
-				if (contentDirExists && (mode === 'dev' || viteConfig.build?.ssr === true)) {
-					contentGenerator = await createContentTypesGenerator({
-						fs,
-						settings,
-						logging,
-						contentConfigObserver,
-					});
-					await contentGenerator.init();
-					info(logging, 'content', 'Types generated');
+				// Production build type gen
+				if (fs.existsSync(contentPaths.contentDir) && viteConfig.build?.ssr === true) {
+					await initContentGenerator();
 				}
 			},
 			async configureServer(viteServer) {
 				if (mode !== 'dev') return;
 
-				if (contentDirExists) {
+				// Dev server type gen
+				if (fs.existsSync(contentPaths.contentDir)) {
 					info(
 						logging,
 						'content',
@@ -74,18 +67,22 @@ export function astroContentServerPlugin({
 							contentPaths.contentDir.href.replace(settings.config.root.href, '')
 						)} for changes`
 					);
-					attachListeners();
+					await attachListeners();
 				} else {
-					viteServer.watcher.on('addDir', (dir) => {
-						if (pathToFileURL(dir).href === contentPaths.contentDir.href) {
+					viteServer.watcher.on('addDir', contentDirListener);
+					async function contentDirListener(dir: string) {
+						if (appendForwardSlash(pathToFileURL(dir).href) === contentPaths.contentDir.href) {
 							info(logging, 'content', `Content dir found. Watching for changes`);
-							contentDirExists = true;
-							attachListeners();
+							await attachListeners();
+							viteServer.watcher.removeListener('addDir', contentDirListener);
 						}
-					});
+					}
 				}
 
-				function attachListeners() {
+				async function attachListeners() {
+					const contentGenerator = await initContentGenerator();
+					info(logging, 'content', 'Types generated');
+
 					viteServer.watcher.on('add', (entry) => {
 						contentGenerator.queueEvent({ name: 'add', entry });
 					});