fix: separate image extraction from schema parsing in content layer (#11884)

* fix: separate image extraction from schema parsing in content layer

* rm unused imports

9 files changed, 45 insertions, 28 deletions

diff --git a/.changeset/odd-tips-jam.md b/.changeset/odd-tips-jam.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4332a4eba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/odd-tips-jam.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'astro': patch
+---
+
+Correctly handles content layer data where the transformed value does not match the input schema
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/content/content-layer.ts b/packages/astro/src/content/content-layer.ts
index 606754eac..e14eed43b 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/content/content-layer.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/content/content-layer.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 import { promises as fs, existsSync } from 'node:fs';
-import { isAbsolute } from 'node:path';
-import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
 import * as fastq from 'fastq';
 import type { FSWatcher } from 'vite';
 import xxhash from 'xxhash-wasm';
@@ -19,7 +17,6 @@ import {
 	getEntryConfigByExtMap,
 	getEntryDataAndImages,
 	globalContentConfigObserver,
-	posixRelative,
 } from './utils.js';
 
 export interface ContentLayerOptions {
@@ -188,7 +185,7 @@ export class ContentLayer {
 				const collectionWithResolvedSchema = { ...collection, schema };
 
 				const parseData: LoaderContext['parseData'] = async ({ id, data, filePath = '' }) => {
-					const { imageImports, data: parsedData } = await getEntryDataAndImages(
+					const { data: parsedData } = await getEntryDataAndImages(
 						{
 							id,
 							collection: name,
@@ -201,15 +198,6 @@ export class ContentLayer {
 						collectionWithResolvedSchema,
 						false,
 					);
-					if (imageImports?.length) {
-						this.#store.addAssetImports(
-							imageImports,
-							// This path may already be relative, if we're re-parsing an existing entry
-							isAbsolute(filePath)
-								? posixRelative(fileURLToPath(this.#settings.config.root), filePath)
-								: filePath,
-						);
-					}
 
 					return parsedData;
 				};
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/content/data-store.ts b/packages/astro/src/content/data-store.ts
index 76cefc411..fbf31d0f1 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/content/data-store.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/content/data-store.ts
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ export interface DataEntry<TData extends Record<string, unknown> = Record<string
 	 * If an entry is a deferred, its rendering phase is delegated to a virtual module during the runtime phase when calling `renderEntry`.
 	 */
 	deferredRender?: boolean;
+	assetImports?: Array<string>;
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/content/loaders/glob.ts b/packages/astro/src/content/loaders/glob.ts
index 260d32c62..e0b1d79c1 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/content/loaders/glob.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/content/loaders/glob.ts
@@ -107,15 +107,11 @@ export function glob(globOptions: GlobOptions): Loader {
 						store.addModuleImport(existingEntry.filePath);
 					}
 
-					if (existingEntry.rendered?.metadata?.imagePaths?.length) {
+					if (existingEntry.assetImports?.length) {
 						// Add asset imports for existing entries
-						store.addAssetImports(
-							existingEntry.rendered.metadata.imagePaths,
-							existingEntry.filePath,
-						);
+						store.addAssetImports(existingEntry.assetImports, existingEntry.filePath);
 					}
-					// Re-parsing to resolve images and other effects
-					await parseData(existingEntry);
+
 					return;
 				}
 
@@ -156,10 +152,9 @@ export function glob(globOptions: GlobOptions): Loader {
 						filePath: relativePath,
 						digest,
 						rendered,
+						assetImports: rendered?.metadata?.imagePaths,
 					});
-					if (rendered?.metadata?.imagePaths?.length) {
-						store.addAssetImports(rendered.metadata.imagePaths, relativePath);
-					}
+
 					// todo: add an explicit way to opt in to deferred rendering
 				} else if ('contentModuleTypes' in entryType) {
 					store.set({
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/content/mutable-data-store.ts b/packages/astro/src/content/mutable-data-store.ts
index 200951848..29acf4506 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/content/mutable-data-store.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/content/mutable-data-store.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 import { promises as fs, type PathLike, existsSync } from 'node:fs';
 import * as devalue from 'devalue';
+import { Traverse } from 'neotraverse/modern';
 import { imageSrcToImportId, importIdToSymbolName } from '../assets/utils/resolveImports.js';
 import { AstroError, AstroErrorData } from '../core/errors/index.js';
+import { IMAGE_IMPORT_PREFIX } from './consts.js';
 import { type DataEntry, DataStore, type RenderedContent } from './data-store.js';
 import { contentModuleToId } from './utils.js';
 
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ export class MutableDataStore extends DataStore {
 		this.#saveToDiskDebounced();
 	}
 
-	addAssetImport(assetImport: string, filePath: string) {
+	addAssetImport(assetImport: string, filePath?: string) {
 		const id = imageSrcToImportId(assetImport, filePath);
 		if (id) {
 			this.#assetImports.add(id);
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ export class MutableDataStore extends DataStore {
 		}
 	}
 
-	addAssetImports(assets: Array<string>, filePath: string) {
+	addAssetImports(assets: Array<string>, filePath?: string) {
 		assets.forEach((asset) => this.addAssetImport(asset, filePath));
 	}
 
@@ -195,7 +197,7 @@ export default new Map([\n${lines.join(',\n')}]);
 			entries: () => this.entries(collectionName),
 			values: () => this.values(collectionName),
 			keys: () => this.keys(collectionName),
-			set: ({ id: key, data, body, filePath, deferredRender, digest, rendered }) => {
+			set: ({ id: key, data, body, filePath, deferredRender, digest, rendered, assetImports }) => {
 				if (!key) {
 					throw new Error(`ID must be a non-empty string`);
 				}
@@ -206,6 +208,15 @@ export default new Map([\n${lines.join(',\n')}]);
 						return false;
 					}
 				}
+				const foundAssets = new Set<string>(assetImports);
+				// Check for image imports in the data. These will have been prefixed during schema parsing
+				new Traverse(data).forEach((_, val) => {
+					if (typeof val === 'string' && val.startsWith(IMAGE_IMPORT_PREFIX)) {
+						const src = val.replace(IMAGE_IMPORT_PREFIX, '');
+						foundAssets.add(src);
+					}
+				});
+
 				const entry: DataEntry = {
 					id,
 					data,
@@ -221,6 +232,12 @@ export default new Map([\n${lines.join(',\n')}]);
 					}
 					entry.filePath = filePath;
 				}
+
+				if (foundAssets.size) {
+					entry.assetImports = Array.from(foundAssets);
+					this.addAssetImports(entry.assetImports, filePath);
+				}
+
 				if (digest) {
 					entry.digest = digest;
 				}
@@ -334,6 +351,12 @@ export interface ScopedDataStore {
 		 * If an entry is a deferred, its rendering phase is delegated to a virtual module during the runtime phase.
 		 */
 		deferredRender?: boolean;
+		/**
+		 * Assets such as images to process during the build. These should be files on disk, with a path relative to filePath.
+		 * Any values that use image() in the schema will already be added automatically.
+		 * @internal
+		 */
+		assetImports?: Array<string>;
 	}) => boolean;
 	values: () => Array<DataEntry>;
 	keys: () => Array<string>;
diff --git a/packages/astro/test/content-layer.test.js b/packages/astro/test/content-layer.test.js
index d8d6a3b45..0590e7e59 100644
--- a/packages/astro/test/content-layer.test.js
+++ b/packages/astro/test/content-layer.test.js
@@ -162,17 +162,21 @@ describe('Content Layer', () => {
 
 		it('updates the store on new builds', async () => {
 			assert.equal(json.increment.data.lastValue, 1);
+			assert.equal(json.entryWithReference.data.something?.content, 'transform me');
 			await fixture.build();
 			const newJson = devalue.parse(await fixture.readFile('/collections.json'));
 			assert.equal(newJson.increment.data.lastValue, 2);
+			assert.equal(newJson.entryWithReference.data.something?.content, 'transform me');
 		});
 
 		it('clears the store on new build with force flag', async () => {
 			let newJson = devalue.parse(await fixture.readFile('/collections.json'));
 			assert.equal(newJson.increment.data.lastValue, 2);
+			assert.equal(newJson.entryWithReference.data.something?.content, 'transform me');
 			await fixture.build({ force: true }, {});
 			newJson = devalue.parse(await fixture.readFile('/collections.json'));
 			assert.equal(newJson.increment.data.lastValue, 1);
+			assert.equal(newJson.entryWithReference.data.something?.content, 'transform me');
 		});
 
 		it('clears the store on new build if the config has changed', async () => {
diff --git a/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/content-outside-src/columbia-copy.md b/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/content-outside-src/columbia-copy.md
index e5ca2b3a5..fba81378e 100644
--- a/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/content-outside-src/columbia-copy.md
+++ b/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/content-outside-src/columbia-copy.md
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ publishedDate: 'Sat May 21 2022 00:00:00 GMT-0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)'
 tags: [space, 90s]
 cat: tabby
 heroImage: "./shuttle.jpg"
+something: "transform me"
 ---
 
 **Source:** [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour)
diff --git a/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/src/content/config.ts b/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/src/content/config.ts
index 5e25d83b9..8f06b4362 100644
--- a/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/src/content/config.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/src/content/config.ts
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ const spacecraft = defineCollection({
 			tags: z.array(z.string()),
 			heroImage: image().optional(),
 			cat: reference('cats').optional(),
+			something: z.string().optional().transform(str => ({ type: 'test', content: str }))
 		}),
 });
 
@@ -120,9 +121,9 @@ const increment = defineCollection({
 		schema: async () => z.object({
 			lastValue: z.number(),
 			lastUpdated: z.date(),
+
 		}),
 	},
-
 });
 
 export const collections = { blog, dogs, cats, numbers, spacecraft, increment, images };
diff --git a/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/src/pages/collections.json.js b/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/src/pages/collections.json.js
index 7db3156ca..87c8cc052 100644
--- a/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/src/pages/collections.json.js
+++ b/packages/astro/test/fixtures/content-layer/src/pages/collections.json.js
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ export async function GET() {
 	const increment = await getEntry('increment', 'value');
 
 	const images = await getCollection('images');
-
 	return new Response(
 		devalue.stringify({
 			customLoader,