Docs/move-english-docs-to-"en"-folder (#2268)

* Move english pages under `/en` and fix broken links hopefully

* Add meta refresh tags for `/` to `/en/` url moves + make `/index.astro` work without js

* update languageselect for new en format

Co-authored-by: Fred K. Schott <fkschott@gmail.com>

1 files changed, 56 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/docs/src/pages/en/guides/data-fetching.md b/docs/src/pages/en/guides/data-fetching.md
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+---
+layout: ~/layouts/MainLayout.astro
+title: Data Fetching
+description: Learn how to fetch remote data with Astro using the fetch API.
+---
+
+Astro components and pages can fetch remote data to help generate your pages. Astro provides two different tools to pages to help you do this: **fetch()** and **top-level await.**
+
+## `fetch()`
+
+Astro pages have access to the global `fetch()` function in their setup script. `fetch()` is a native JavaScript API ([MDN<span class="sr-only">- fetch</span>](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API/Using_Fetch)) that lets you make HTTP requests for things like APIs and resources.
+
+Even though Astro component scripts run inside of Node.js (and not in the browser) Astro provides this native API so that you can fetch data at page build time.
+
+```astro
+---
+// Movies.astro
+const response = await fetch('https://example.com/movies.json');
+const data = await response.json();
+// Remember: Astro component scripts log to the CLI
+console.log(data);
+---
+<!-- Output the result to the page -->
+<div>{JSON.stringify(data)}</div>
+```
+
+## Top-level await
+
+`await` is another native JavaScript feature that lets you await the response of some asynchronous promise ([MDN<span class="sr-only">- await</span>](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/await)). Astro supports `await` in the top-level of your component script.
+
+**Important:** These are not yet available inside of non-page Astro components. Instead, do all of your data loading inside of your pages, and then pass them to your components as props.
+
+## Using `fetch()` outside of Astro Components
+
+If you want to use `fetch()` in a non-astro component, it is also globally available:
+
+```tsx
+// Movies.tsx
+import type { FunctionalComponent } from 'preact';
+import { h } from 'preact';
+
+const data = fetch('https://example.com/movies.json').then((response) =>
+  response.json()
+);
+
+// Components that are build-time rendered also log to the CLI.
+// If you loaded this component with a directive, it would log to the browser console.
+console.log(data);
+
+const Movies: FunctionalComponent = () => {
+  // Output the result to the page
+  return <div>{JSON.stringify(data)}</div>;
+};
+
+export default Movies;
+```