aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/bridges/YoutubeBridge.php
blob: 12cdaec459e21db9caf38641d082da1a12f631ff (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
<?php

class YoutubeBridge extends BridgeAbstract
{
    const NAME = 'YouTube Bridge';
    const URI = 'https://www.youtube.com';
    const CACHE_TIMEOUT = 60 * 60 * 3;
    const DESCRIPTION = 'Returns the 10 newest videos by username/channel/playlist or search';

    const PARAMETERS = [
        'By username' => [
            'u' => [
                'name' => 'username',
                'exampleValue' => 'LinusTechTips',
                'required' => true
            ]
        ],
        'By channel id' => [
            'c' => [
                'name' => 'channel id',
                'exampleValue' => 'UCw38-8_Ibv_L6hlKChHO9dQ',
                'required' => true
            ]
        ],
        'By custom name' => [
            'custom' => [
                'name' => 'custom name',
                'exampleValue' => 'LinusTechTips',
                'required' => true
            ]
        ],
        'By playlist Id' => [
            'p' => [
                'name' => 'playlist id',
                'exampleValue' => 'PL8mG-RkN2uTzJc8N0EoyhdC54prvBBLpj',
                'required' => true
            ]
        ],
        'Search result' => [
            's' => [
                'name' => 'search keyword',
                'exampleValue' => 'LinusTechTips',
                'required' => true
            ],
            'pa' => [
                'name' => 'page',
                'type' => 'number',
                'title' => 'This option is not work anymore, as YouTube will always return the same page',
                'exampleValue' => 1
            ]
        ],
        'global' => [
            'duration_min' => [
                'name' => 'min. duration (minutes)',
                'type' => 'number',
                'title' => 'Minimum duration for the video in minutes',
                'exampleValue' => 5
            ],
            'duration_max' => [
                'name' => 'max. duration (minutes)',
                'type' => 'number',
                'title' => 'Maximum duration for the video in minutes',
                'exampleValue' => 10
            ]
        ]
    ];

    private $feedName = '';
    private $feeduri = '';
    private $feedIconUrl = '';
    // This took from repo BetterVideoRss of VerifiedJoseph.
    const URI_REGEX = '/(https?:\/\/(?:www\.)?(?:[a-zA-Z0-9-.]{2,256}\.[a-z]{2,20})(\:[0-9]{2    ,4})?(?:\/[a-zA-Z0-9@:%_\+.,~#"\'!?&\/\/=\-*]+|\/)?)/ims'; //phpcs:ignore

    public function collectData()
    {
        $cacheKey = 'youtube_rate_limit';
        if ($this->cache->get($cacheKey)) {
            throw new RateLimitException();
        }
        try {
            $this->collectDataInternal();
        } catch (HttpException $e) {
            if ($e->getCode() === 429) {
                $this->cache->set($cacheKey, true, 60 * 16);
                throw new RateLimitException();
            }
            throw $e;
        }
    }

    private function collectDataInternal()
    {
        $html = '';
        $url_feed = '';
        $url_listing = '';

        $username = $this->getInput('u');
        $channel = $this->getInput('c');
        $custom = $this->getInput('custom');
        $playlist = $this->getInput('p');
        $search = $this->getInput('s');

        $durationMin = $this->getInput('duration_min');
        $durationMax = $this->getInput('duration_max');

        // Whether to discriminate videos by duration
        $filterByDuration = $durationMin || $durationMax;

        if ($username) {
            // user and channel
            $url_feed = self::URI . '/feeds/videos.xml?user=' . urlencode($username);
            $url_listing = self::URI . '/user/' . urlencode($username) . '/videos';
        } elseif ($channel) {
            $url_feed = self::URI . '/feeds/videos.xml?channel_id=' . urlencode($channel);
            $url_listing = self::URI . '/channel/' . urlencode($channel) . '/videos';
        } elseif ($custom) {
            $url_listing = self::URI . '/' . urlencode($custom) . '/videos';
        }

        if ($url_feed || $url_listing) {
            // user, channel or custom
            $this->feeduri = $url_listing;
            if ($custom) {
                // Extract the feed url for the custom name
                $html = $this->fetch($url_listing);
                $jsonData = $this->extractJsonFromHtml($html);
                // Pluck out the rss feed url
                $url_feed = $jsonData->metadata->channelMetadataRenderer->rssUrl;
                $this->feedIconUrl = $jsonData->metadata->channelMetadataRenderer->avatar->thumbnails[0]->url;
            }
            if ($filterByDuration) {
                if (!$custom) {
                    // Fetch the html page
                    $html = $this->fetch($url_listing);
                    $jsonData = $this->extractJsonFromHtml($html);
                }
                $channel_id = '';
                if (isset($jsonData->contents)) {
                    $channel_id = $jsonData->metadata->channelMetadataRenderer->externalId;
                    $jsonData = $jsonData->contents->twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer->tabs[1];
                    $jsonData = $jsonData->tabRenderer->content->richGridRenderer->contents;
                    // $jsonData = $jsonData->itemSectionRenderer->contents[0]->gridRenderer->items;
                    $this->fetchItemsFromFromJsonData($jsonData);
                } else {
                    returnServerError('Unable to get data from YouTube');
                }
            } else {
                // Fetch the xml feed
                $html = $this->fetch($url_feed);
                $this->extractItemsFromXmlFeed($html);
            }
            $this->feedName = str_replace(' - YouTube', '', $html->find('title', 0)->plaintext);
        } elseif ($playlist) {
            // playlist
            $url_feed = self::URI . '/feeds/videos.xml?playlist_id=' . urlencode($playlist);
            $url_listing = self::URI . '/playlist?list=' . urlencode($playlist);
            $html = $this->fetch($url_listing);
            $jsonData = $this->extractJsonFromHtml($html);
            // TODO: this method returns only first 100 video items
            // if it has more videos, playlistVideoListRenderer will have continuationItemRenderer as last element
            $jsonData = $jsonData->contents->twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer->tabs[0] ?? null;
            if (!$jsonData) {
                // playlist probably doesnt exists
                throw new \Exception('Unable to find playlist: ' . $url_listing);
            }
            $jsonData = $jsonData->tabRenderer->content->sectionListRenderer->contents[0]->itemSectionRenderer;
            $jsonData = $jsonData->contents[0]->playlistVideoListRenderer->contents;
            $item_count = count($jsonData);

            if ($item_count > 15 || $filterByDuration) {
                $this->fetchItemsFromFromJsonData($jsonData);
            } else {
                $xml = $this->fetch($url_feed);
                $this->extractItemsFromXmlFeed($xml);
            }
            $this->feedName = 'Playlist: ' . str_replace(' - YouTube', '', $html->find('title', 0)->plaintext);
            usort($this->items, function ($item1, $item2) {
                if (!is_int($item1['timestamp']) && !is_int($item2['timestamp'])) {
                    $item1['timestamp'] = strtotime($item1['timestamp']);
                    $item2['timestamp'] = strtotime($item2['timestamp']);
                }
                return $item2['timestamp'] - $item1['timestamp'];
            });
        } elseif ($search) {
            // search
            $url_listing = self::URI . '/results?search_query=' . urlencode($search) . '&sp=CAI%253D';
            $html = $this->fetch($url_listing);
            $jsonData = $this->extractJsonFromHtml($html);
            $jsonData = $jsonData->contents->twoColumnSearchResultsRenderer->primaryContents;
            $jsonData = $jsonData->sectionListRenderer->contents[0]->itemSectionRenderer->contents;
            $this->fetchItemsFromFromJsonData($jsonData);
            $this->feeduri = $url_listing;
            $this->feedName = 'Search: ' . $search;
        } else {
            returnClientError("You must either specify either:\n - YouTube username (?u=...)\n - Channel id (?c=...)\n - Playlist id (?p=...)\n - Search (?s=...)");
        }
    }

    private function fetchVideoDetails($videoId, &$author, &$description, &$timestamp)
    {
        $url = self::URI . "/watch?v=$videoId";
        $html = $this->fetch($url, true);

        // Skip unavailable videos
        if (strpos($html->innertext, 'IS_UNAVAILABLE_PAGE') !== false) {
            return;
        }

        $elAuthor = $html->find('span[itemprop=author] > link[itemprop=name]', 0);
        if (!is_null($elAuthor)) {
            $author = $elAuthor->getAttribute('content');
        }

        $elDatePublished = $html->find('meta[itemprop=datePublished]', 0);
        if (!is_null($elDatePublished)) {
            $timestamp = strtotime($elDatePublished->getAttribute('content'));
        }

        $jsonData = $this->extractJsonFromHtml($html);
        if (!isset($jsonData->contents)) {
            return;
        }

        $jsonData = $jsonData->contents->twoColumnWatchNextResults->results->results->contents ?? null;
        if (!$jsonData) {
            throw new \Exception('Unable to find json data');
        }
        $videoSecondaryInfo = null;
        foreach ($jsonData as $item) {
            if (isset($item->videoSecondaryInfoRenderer)) {
                $videoSecondaryInfo = $item->videoSecondaryInfoRenderer;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!$videoSecondaryInfo) {
            returnServerError('Could not find videoSecondaryInfoRenderer. Error at: ' . $videoId);
        }

        $description = $videoSecondaryInfo->attributedDescription->content ?? '';

        // Default whitespace chars used by trim + non-breaking spaces (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-breaking_space)
        $whitespaceChars = " \t\n\r\0\x0B\u{A0}\u{2060}\u{202F}\u{2007}";
        $descEnhancements = $this->ytBridgeGetVideoDescriptionEnhancements($videoSecondaryInfo, $description, self::URI, $whitespaceChars);
        foreach ($descEnhancements as $descEnhancement) {
            if (isset($descEnhancement['url'])) {
                $descBefore = mb_substr($description, 0, $descEnhancement['pos']);
                $descValue = mb_substr($description, $descEnhancement['pos'], $descEnhancement['len']);
                $descAfter = mb_substr($description, $descEnhancement['pos'] + $descEnhancement['len'], null);

                // Extended trim for the display value of internal links, e.g.:
                // FAVICON • Video Name
                // FAVICON / @ChannelName
                $descValue = trim($descValue, $whitespaceChars . '•/');

                $description = sprintf('%s<a href="%s" target="_blank">%s</a>%s', $descBefore, $descEnhancement['url'], $descValue, $descAfter);
            }
        }
    }

    private function ytBridgeGetVideoDescriptionEnhancements(
        object $videoSecondaryInfo,
        string $descriptionContent,
        string $baseUrl,
        string $whitespaceChars
    ): array {
        $commandRuns = $videoSecondaryInfo->attributedDescription->commandRuns ?? [];
        if (count($commandRuns) <= 0) {
            return [];
        }

        $enhancements = [];

        $boundaryWhitespaceChars = mb_str_split($whitespaceChars);
        $boundaryStartChars = array_merge($boundaryWhitespaceChars, [':', '-', '(']);
        $boundaryEndChars = array_merge($boundaryWhitespaceChars, [',', '.', "'", ')']);
        $hashtagBoundaryEndChars = array_merge($boundaryEndChars, ['#', '-']);

        $descriptionContentLength = mb_strlen($descriptionContent);

        $minPositionOffset = 0;

        $prevStartPosition = 0;
        $totalLength = 0;
        $maxPositionByStartIndex = [];
        foreach (array_reverse($commandRuns) as $commandRun) {
            $endPosition = $commandRun->startIndex + $commandRun->length;
            if ($endPosition < $prevStartPosition) {
                $totalLength += 1;
            }
            $totalLength += $commandRun->length;
            $maxPositionByStartIndex[$commandRun->startIndex] = $totalLength;
            $prevStartPosition = $commandRun->startIndex;
        }

        foreach ($commandRuns as $commandRun) {
            $commandMetadata = $commandRun->onTap->innertubeCommand->commandMetadata->webCommandMetadata ?? null;
            if (!isset($commandMetadata)) {
                continue;
            }

            $enhancement = null;

            /*
            $commandRun->startIndex can be offset by few positions in the positive direction
            when some multibyte characters (e.g. emojis, but maybe also others) are used in the plain text video description.
            (probably some difference between php and javascript in handling multibyte characters)
            This loop should correct the position in most cases. It searches for the next word (determined by a set of boundary chars) with the expected length.
            Several safeguards ensure that the correct word is chosen. When a link can not be matched,
            everything will be discarded to prevent corrupting the description.
            Hashtags require a different set of boundary chars.
            */
            $isHashtag = $commandMetadata->webPageType === 'WEB_PAGE_TYPE_BROWSE';
            $prevEnhancement = end($enhancements);
            $minPosition = $prevEnhancement === false ? 0 : $prevEnhancement['pos'] + $prevEnhancement['len'];
            $maxPosition = $descriptionContentLength - $maxPositionByStartIndex[$commandRun->startIndex];
            $position = min($commandRun->startIndex - $minPositionOffset, $maxPosition);
            while ($position >= $minPosition) {
                // The link display value can only ever include a new line at the end (which will be removed further below), never in between.
                $newLinePosition = mb_strpos($descriptionContent, "\n", $position);
                if ($newLinePosition !== false && $newLinePosition < $position + ($commandRun->length - 1)) {
                    $position = $newLinePosition - ($commandRun->length - 1);
                    continue;
                }

                $firstChar = mb_substr($descriptionContent, $position, 1);
                $boundaryStart = mb_substr($descriptionContent, $position - 1, 1);
                $boundaryEndIndex = $position + $commandRun->length;
                $boundaryEnd = mb_substr($descriptionContent, $boundaryEndIndex, 1);

                $boundaryStartIsValid = $position === 0 ||
                    in_array($boundaryStart, $boundaryStartChars) ||
                    ($isHashtag && $firstChar === '#');
                $boundaryEndIsValid = $boundaryEndIndex === $descriptionContentLength ||
                    in_array($boundaryEnd, $isHashtag ? $hashtagBoundaryEndChars : $boundaryEndChars);

                if ($boundaryStartIsValid && $boundaryEndIsValid) {
                    $minPositionOffset = $commandRun->startIndex - $position;
                    $enhancement = [
                        'pos' => $position,
                        'len' => $commandRun->length,
                    ];
                    break;
                }

                $position--;
            }

            if (!isset($enhancement)) {
                $this->logger->debug(sprintf('Position %d cannot be corrected in "%s"', $commandRun->startIndex, substr($descriptionContent, 0, 50) . '...'));
                // Skip to prevent the description from becoming corrupted
                continue;
            }

            // $commandRun->length sometimes incorrectly includes the newline as last char
            $lastChar = mb_substr($descriptionContent, $enhancement['pos'] + $enhancement['len'] - 1, 1);
            if ($lastChar === "\n") {
                $enhancement['len'] -= 1;
            }

            $commandUrl = parse_url($commandMetadata->url);
            if ($commandUrl['path'] === '/redirect') {
                parse_str($commandUrl['query'], $commandUrlQuery);
                $enhancement['url'] = urldecode($commandUrlQuery['q']);
            } elseif (isset($commandUrl['host'])) {
                $enhancement['url'] = $commandMetadata->url;
            } else {
                $enhancement['url'] = $baseUrl . $commandMetadata->url;
            }

            $enhancements[] = $enhancement;
        }

        if (count($enhancements) !== count($commandRuns)) {
            // At least one link can not be matched. Discard everything to prevent corrupting the description.
            return [];
        }

        // Sort by position in descending order to be able to safely replace values
        return array_reverse($enhancements);
    }

    private function extractItemsFromXmlFeed($xml)
    {
        $this->feedName = $this->decodeTitle($xml->find('feed > title', 0)->plaintext);

        foreach ($xml->find('entry') as $element) {
            $videoId = str_replace('yt:video:', '', $element->find('id', 0)->plaintext);
            if (strpos($videoId, 'googleads') !== false) {
                continue;
            }
            $title = $this->decodeTitle($element->find('title', 0)->plaintext);
            $author = $element->find('name', 0)->plaintext;
            $desc = $element->find('media:description', 0)->innertext;
            $desc = htmlspecialchars($desc);
            $desc = nl2br($desc);
            $desc = preg_replace(self::URI_REGEX, '<a href="$1" target="_blank">$1</a> ', $desc);
            $time = strtotime($element->find('published', 0)->plaintext);
            $this->addItem($videoId, $title, $author, $desc, $time);
        }
    }

    private function fetch($url, bool $cache = false)
    {
        $header = ['Accept-Language: en-US'];
        $ttl = 86400 * 3; // 3d
        $stripNewlines = false;
        if ($cache) {
            return getSimpleHTMLDOMCached($url, $ttl, $header, [], true, true, DEFAULT_TARGET_CHARSET, $stripNewlines);
        }
        return getSimpleHTMLDOM($url, $header, [], true, true, DEFAULT_TARGET_CHARSET, $stripNewlines);
    }

    private function extractJsonFromHtml($html)
    {
        $scriptRegex = '/var ytInitialData = (.*?);<\/script>/';
        $result = preg_match($scriptRegex, $html, $matches);
        if (! $result) {
            $this->logger->debug('Could not find ytInitialData');
            return null;
        }
        $data = json_decode($matches[1]);
        return $data;
    }

    private function fetchItemsFromFromJsonData($jsonData)
    {
        $minimumDurationSeconds = ($this->getInput('duration_min') ?: -1) * 60;
        $maximumDurationSeconds = ($this->getInput('duration_max') ?: INF) * 60;

        foreach ($jsonData as $item) {
            $wrapper = null;
            if (isset($item->gridVideoRenderer)) {
                $wrapper = $item->gridVideoRenderer;
            } elseif (isset($item->videoRenderer)) {
                $wrapper = $item->videoRenderer;
            } elseif (isset($item->playlistVideoRenderer)) {
                $wrapper = $item->playlistVideoRenderer;
            } elseif (isset($item->richItemRenderer)) {
                $wrapper = $item->richItemRenderer->content->videoRenderer;
            } else {
                continue;
            }

            // 01:03:30 | 15:06 | 1:24
            $lengthText = $wrapper->lengthText->simpleText ?? null;
            // 6,875 views
            $viewCount = $wrapper->viewCountText->simpleText ?? null;
            // Dc645M8Het8
            $videoId = $wrapper->videoId;
            // Jumbo frames - transfer more data faster!
            $title = $wrapper->title->runs[0]->text ?? $wrapper->title->accessibility->accessibilityData->label ?? null;
            $author = null;
            $description = $wrapper->descriptionSnippet->runs[0]->text ?? null;
            // 5 days ago | 1 month ago
            $publishedTimeText = $wrapper->publishedTimeText->simpleText ?? $wrapper->videoInfo->runs[2]->text ?? null;
            $timestamp = null;
            if ($publishedTimeText) {
                try {
                    $publicationDate = new \DateTimeImmutable($publishedTimeText);
                    // Hard-code hour, minute and second
                    $publicationDate = $publicationDate->setTime(0, 0, 0);
                    $timestamp = $publicationDate->getTimestamp();
                } catch (\Exception $e) {
                }
            }

            $durationText = 0;
            if ($lengthText) {
                $durationText = $lengthText;
            } else {
                foreach ($wrapper->thumbnailOverlays as $overlay) {
                    if (isset($overlay->thumbnailOverlayTimeStatusRenderer)) {
                        $durationText = $overlay->thumbnailOverlayTimeStatusRenderer->text;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (is_string($durationText)) {
                if (preg_match('/([\d]{1,2})\:([\d]{1,2})\:([\d]{2})/', $durationText)) {
                    $durationText = preg_replace('/([\d]{1,2})\:([\d]{1,2})\:([\d]{2})/', '$1:$2:$3', $durationText);
                } else {
                    $durationText = preg_replace('/([\d]{1,2})\:([\d]{2})/', '00:$1:$2', $durationText);
                }
                sscanf($durationText, '%d:%d:%d', $hours, $minutes, $seconds);
                $duration = $hours * 3600 + $minutes * 60 + $seconds;
                if ($duration < $minimumDurationSeconds || $duration > $maximumDurationSeconds) {
                    continue;
                }
            }
            if (!$description || !$timestamp) {
                $this->fetchVideoDetails($videoId, $author, $description, $timestamp);
            }
            $this->addItem($videoId, $title, $author, $description, $timestamp);
            if (count($this->items) >= 99) {
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    private function addItem($videoId, $title, $author, $description, $timestamp, $thumbnail = '')
    {
        $description = nl2br($description);

        $item = [];
        // This should probably be uid?
        $item['id'] = $videoId;
        $item['title'] = $title;
        $item['author'] = $author ?? '';
        $item['timestamp'] = $timestamp;
        $item['uri'] = self::URI . '/watch?v=' . $videoId;
        if (!$thumbnail) {
            // Fallback to default thumbnail if there aren't any provided.
            $thumbnail = '0';
        }
        $thumbnailUri = str_replace('/www.', '/img.', self::URI) . '/vi/' . $videoId . '/' . $thumbnail . '.jpg';
        $item['content'] = sprintf('<a href="%s"><img src="%s" /></a><br />%s', $item['uri'], $thumbnailUri, $description);
        $this->items[] = $item;
    }

    private function decodeTitle($title)
    {
        // convert both &#1234; and &quot; to UTF-8
        return html_entity_decode($title, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
    }

    public function getURI()
    {
        if (!is_null($this->getInput('p'))) {
            return static::URI . '/playlist?list=' . $this->getInput('p');
        } elseif ($this->feeduri) {
            return $this->feeduri;
        }

        return parent::getURI();
    }

    public function getName()
    {
        switch ($this->queriedContext) {
            case 'By username':
            case 'By channel id':
            case 'By custom name':
            case 'By playlist Id':
            case 'Search result':
                return htmlspecialchars_decode($this->feedName) . ' - YouTube';
            default:
                return parent::getName();
        }
    }

    public function getIcon()
    {
        if (empty($this->feedIconUrl)) {
            return parent::getIcon();
        } else {
            return $this->feedIconUrl;
        }
    }
}